The α-mangostin effect on the quantity of TGF-β1 titer relate to the mandibular bone volume of Rattus novergicus in the periodontitis model

Context: Periodontitis causes pocket formation, gingival recession, and destruction of periodontal ligaments and alveolar bone. Periodontitis disturbs the attachment of periodontal ligaments to the maxillary and mandibular bones. The α-mangostin has shown role-playing in the bone remodeling process.
Aims: To evaluate the potential of α-mangostin induce the TGFβ1 titer associated with the increased mandibular bone volume on the alveolar bone remodeling of periodontitis of Rattus novergicus.
Methods: The α-mangostin used to the single administration dosage on the rat periodontitis model on the 7 and 14 days. TGF-β1 titer tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while the X-Ray Micro-CT/Micro Computed Tomography examined the volume's development of the mandibular bone.
Results: At the 7 days, 0.5 and 1% of α-mangostin had a better effect to increase the bone volume, and TGF-β1 titer has linearity of bone development at concentrations of 0.5 to 2%. At 14 days, 1 and 2% of α-mangostin exhibited a better effect on inducing an increase in mandibular bone volume and TGF-β1 titer. The linearity of both occurs at concentrations of 0.5 to 1%. The Micro-CT of the mandibular bone showed callus or new bone formation at the edge of each treatment group's lesion as an indicator of bone remodeling.
Conclusions: α-Mangostin induced an increase in the TGF-β1 titer, which was in line with the rise in the volume of the mandibular bone of Rattus novergicus.

Keywords: bone volume; mandibular; α-mangostin; periodontitis; TGF-β1.